Japanese architecture is in general very simple, but there is a dense complexity of design in the tea room. Within a very limited space is a richness of variety in details. Utilized nevertheless with the utmost simplicity, this approach—known as the "hermitage" or "mountain retreat in the middle of the city" way of thinking—is an attempt to create a natural setting in the midst of the ostentatiousness of city life. The use of such a wide variety of materials in such a confined area reflects a desire to get the best out of a bare minimum. The few links with the outside world are the separate entrances for the host and guests, the translucent shoji windows, and, occasionally, a window in the ceiling. This feeling of intimacy creates a special atmosphere and the perfect mood for contemplation and relaxation.
Two tatami mats are virtually the minimum for a tea room, but other designs are possible as well. The location of the host's seat depends on where the hearth is situated, while the guest should sit in front of the alcove. The hearth is an important requisite for performing the tea ceremony, but it is not absolutely necessary to have one built into the floor. Instead, a brazier shaped like a shallow box is quite adequate, or one could purchase an electric brazier, or even bring hot water in a thermos from the kitchen. This depends, however, on how far one has mastered the art of the tea ceremony. To a connoisseur, a hearth is absolutely necessary, even if only as a formality.
CEILING DESIGNS
The use of different materials in their natural form pro-duces striking patterns.
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